| 摘要: |
| 目的 探讨胎儿心轴角度异常在胎儿心脏结构异常的诊断价值。方法 研究对象为2013年至2015年门诊就诊及住院孕妇,胎龄在20～40周的胎儿,单纯随机选取胎儿心脏正常组(A组)与胎儿心脏结构异常组作对照(B组),其中A组231例,B组36例,采用标准四腔心切面进行心轴角度的测量。结果 A组胎儿的平均心轴角度为(37.9±7.6)°,B组为(52.6±19.8)°,两组胎儿平均心轴角度相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。以超过正常胎儿心轴平均角度的99%正常值范围(20.3°～61.9°)为心轴异常,以<20.0°为心轴角度偏小,心轴角度>62.0°为心轴角度偏大。A组无心轴角度偏大或偏小；B组心轴角度偏大15例(41.7%),心轴角度偏小2例(5.6%),两组患者在心轴角度异常的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),A组的心轴角度偏大发生率以及心轴角度偏小发生率均低于B组。结论 20～40周胎儿心轴角度的测定简单易行,当其<20.0°或>62.0°时提示可能存在心脏畸形,应进一步检查确诊。 |
| 关键词: 胎儿 心轴 超声检查 先天性心脏病 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2016-03-21修订日期：2016-05-13 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Value of abnormal fetal cardiac axis in thefetal echocardiography |
| XING Jin |
| (Fuxing Hospital) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To ascertain the value of the cardiac axis for the prenatal detection of congenital heart defects. Methods The subjects were clinics and hospitalized pregnant women from 2013 to 2015, gestational age was at 18～40 weeks. Simply randomly selected normal of the fetal heart (group A) and fetal cardiac structural abnormalities (group B) as a control, with 231 cases in group A, group B 36 cases. Fetal cardiac axis was measured on the four-chamber view of the heart. Results Group A had a mean cardiac axis of(37.9±7.6)°, compared with in Group B(52.6±19.8)°(P<0.01).Using above or below the 99％normal range(20.3°～61.9°)of normal group as the abnormal axis,<20.0°was regarded as small of cardiac axis and >62.0°was large. There was no small or large of cardiac axis in group A, and 15 cases of large cardiac axis and 2 cases of small in group B. The difference in two groups of patients with abnormal cardiac axis was statistically significant (P<0.01). The incidence of abnormal cardiac axis of group A was less than group B. Conclusion The measurement of fetal cardiac axis is simple and effect. The presence of a abnormal cardiac axis (<20.0°or >62.0°) in the fetuses is associated with a substantial risk of congenital heart disease. The finding of an abnormal axis should prompt further evaluation of the fetal heart and a detailed anatomical examination. |
| Key words: Fetus Cardiac axis ultrasonography Congenital heart disease |
