Objective To investigate the clinical value of traditional Chinese medicine in the improvement of endometrial receptivity of thin endometrium using transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound. Methods Fifty five patients with thin endometrium were treated with traditional Chinese medicine of Ye Xiuying,s prescription for three months, endometrial thickness, endometrial type and blood flow index before and after treatment were measured by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound.Results endometrial thickness increased from 6.25±0.98mm to 9.08±1.31mm after treatment (P=0.000). The proportion of typer A endometrium increased from 21.2% to 59.6% (P=0.000) while he proportion of typer C endometrium decreased from 44.2% to 13.5% (P=0.001) after treatment. Type I blood flow increased from17.3% to 55.8% P=0.000）after treatment. PI of endometrial blood flow decreased from 1.63±0.58 to 0.98±0.33（P=0.000），RI of endometrial blood flow decreased from 0.83±0.15 to 0.62±0.09(P=0.001). after treatment. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine may increase the thickness of thin endometrium, augment blood supply, and improve endometrial receptivity significantly. Transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound is an effective modality in the evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of patients with thin endometrium.