Objective：To investigate the postoperative recurrence and the possible causes of recurrence of Mammotome biopsy under ultrasound control in the treatment of intraductal papilloma of the breast。Methods：The clinical profiles of 104 patients with IP were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent Mammotome biopsy under ultrasound control resection and were followed up by ultrasonography to observe the curative effect postoperative recurrence,it is for further analysis of the possible causes of recurrence. Results :The total of 14 cases of ultrasound showed nodules in the original location in the follow-up time of 3-45 months (mean 35 months) with ultrasonography, as follows: Follow-up to 3 months in situ recurrence in 1 case, 6 months of the original 3 cases had recurrence, 2 cases had relapse in situ at 21 months, 3 cases had recurrence at 33 months, 4 cases had recurrence at 45 months. Statistical analysis showed that the number of recurrence and the number of lesions was statistically significant (P <0.05), and the patient"s age, lesion size, lesion BI-RADS grading is not statistically significant; The recurrence time and four factors have no statistical significance.Conclusion: The indications should be strictly controlled,though the Mammotome biopsy system is an alternative treatment of IP. It should be careful used when the preoperative suspected non-solitary papilloma.