Objective Aim to evaluate the correlation of ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) and the shear wave velocity (SWV) of renal parenchyma in primary hypertension. Methods 75 primary hypertension patients and 60 healthy people were selected. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM ) was performed and the blood pressure parameters were calculated. The shear wave velocity of renal cortex and medulla were measured using virtual touch tissue quantification(VTQ). Results AASI in primary hypertension group was higher than that in healthy control group ( 0.59±0.18 vs 0.40±0.13, P <0.01). The SWV of renal cortex and medulla of hypertension were higher than that of controls (P<0.05). AASI was correlated with the SWV of renal cortex and medulla positively( r = 0. 325、0.268 , P <0 . 05). AASI was correlated with BUN and Cr impositively ( r =―0.325 , ―0.387，P <0. 01). Conclusion AASI was closely related to the shear wave velocity of renal parenchyma in primary hypertension.