Objective To evaluate the superd mircovascular imaging(SMI) in detecting perfortor vessels for differentiating benign from malignant thyroid nodules. Methods Ninety seven patients with 123 thyroid nodules were detected by ultrasonography before operation and compared with the pathological examinations after operation. CDFI、PDFI and SMI were used to detect perfortor vessels of thyroid nodules respectively . Results There are 62 benign nodules and 61 malignant nodules in all thyroid nodules. The perfortor vessels of benign and malignant nodules detected by CDFI、PDFI and SMI were 0.10±0.4 and 0.57±0.96 、0.10±0.47 and 0.72±1.07、0.16±0.66 and 1.61±1.74 , respectively. In 123 thyroid nodules, there was a significant difference between the numbers of perfortor vessels in benign and malignant nodules（F=64.93,P=0.00）. There was a significant difference among the numbers of perfortor vessels in all nodules and malignant nodules detected by SMI compared with CDFI、PDFI（P=0.00）,but was no significant difference between the numbers of perfortor vessels in CDFI and PDFI（P>0.05）. There was no significant difference among the numbers of perfortor vessels in benign nodules（P>0.05）. Conclusions Perforators vessels can be used for distinguishing benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Compared with of CDFI and PDFI ,SMI is more sensitive to probe into the perforators vessels, may be applied in differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.