【S】objective:To discuss the predictive value of umbilical artery (UA) combined middle cerebral artery (MCA) resistance index (RI) determination by ultrasonography for fetal distress.Methods: 100 pregnant woman with fetal distress were selected as distress group from June 2014 to June 2016 in our Hospital,100 normal pregnant woman were selected as control group at the same time,UA,MCA"s RI were determinated by ultrasonography in all pregnant woman,and it calculate their ratio (UA/MCA"s RI).Results:The UA"s RI,UA/MCA"s RI levels of distress group were significantly higher than those of control group,the MCA"s RI level of distress group was significantly lower than that of control group, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The ROC curve results showed that,in the sensitivity, specific,accuracy degrees of predicting fetal distress,the UA"s RI for > 0.68 as the critical value,they were 84.00%, 82.00%, 83.00%,the MCA"s RI for < 0.87 as the critical value,they were 88.00%, 84.00%, 86.00%,the UA/MCA"s RI for > 0.70 as the critical value,they were 96.00%, 94.00%, 95.00%,the UA/MCA"s RI were significantly higher than those of the UA"s RI,the MCA"s RI,the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05),the UA"s RI,the MCA"s RI were basically the same, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).Conclusions:UA, MCA resistance index determination by ultrasonography can be used as the important reference indexs for predicting fetal distress,their combined determination and as the UA/MCA"s RI to predict,it has the better sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of prediction,it’s worth for further clinical promotion.