Objective To investigate the potential mechanism of TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) orthopedic treatment in treating plantar fasciitis by shear wave elastic imaging technique. Patients and Methods Clinical record of 52 patients diagnosed with plantar fasciitis from May to September 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The characteristics of the plantar fascia before and after TCM orthopedic treatment were compared. Shear wave elastic ultrasound was used to measure the characteristic of plantar fascia. The measurement indexes included the thickness of the plantar fascia and the elastic modulus. The measuring site of plantar fascia was selected at the position which is 1cm from the calcaneal. Results The average age of the patients was 39.7±12.9 years and the BMI was 23.7±1.4 kg/m2. The media visual analogue scale points was 3. Before the therapy, thicker plantar fascia (3.16±0.81mm vs. 2.38±0.41 mm, P<0.01) and decreased Young's modulus (40.84±16.58kPa vs. 61.14±19.97 kPa, P<0.01) were observed in the affected limb compared with the contralateral side. After the TCM therapy, the visual analogue scale points was significantly decreased(2 (1,2) vs. 3 (2,4)，p<0.05), and the plantar fascia elasticity was improved (60.04±26.83 kPa vs. 40.84±16.58 kPa, p<0.01). No significant difference of plantar fascia thickness was observed (3.10±0.83 mm vs. 3.16±0.81 mm, p=0.175). Conclusions The plantar heel pain of plantar fasciitis is associated with increased thickness and decreased elasticity of the plantar fascia. TCM orthopedic treatment may improve the pain symptom of plantar fascia by increasing the elasticity of plantar fascia. Shear wave elastic imaging quantitatively evaluates the hardness of plantar fascia and provides objective basis for evaluating the curative effect of TCM orthopedic treatment.