Peripheral nerve（PN）high-resolution ultrasonography has emerged as a promising technique for the diagnosis of PN disorders.High-resolution ultrasonography may add complementary information to neurophysiological studies in the diagnosis of patients with metabolic, inflammatory, compression, neoplastic and traumatic peripheral neuropathy,it is helpful to further explore the mechanism of neuropathy.This review describes the characteristic ulstrasound findings in reported to date and a classification of abnormal nerve ultrasound patterns in PN is proposed，the diagnostic value of high-resolution ultrasonography in several peripheral neuropathies was also presented.