Objective: Using Two-dimensional speckle tracking technology to explore the changes of left atrium and function in dialysis patients and the effects of different dialysis methods on left atrial volume and function. Method: 42 cases of peritoneal dialysis, 38 cases of hemodialysis and 50 cases whose GFR>60ml/min·1.73m2 were treated as control group. Traditional echocardiography and left atrial speckle tracking were performed on the above patients, and the differences in left atrial volume and function between dialysis patients and control group were compared, as well as the differences in left atrial volume and function between peritoneal dialysis patients and hemodialysis patients. Result: The left atrial volume parameters (including LAVI, LAV Max, LAV min, and LAV pre-a) of the hemodialysis group were significantly higher than those of the control group. LAVI and LAV pre-a in peritoneal dialysis group were significantly higher than those in control group. In terms of left atrial function parameters, left atrial conduit function in the dialysis group (including peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis) was significantly lower than that in the control group. The left atrial systolic function of the peritoneal dialysis group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the left atrial systolic function of the hemodialysis group was also higher than that of the control group, but did not meet the statistical difference. Compared with the control group, the reservior function of the dialysis group showed a trend of decrease, but the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference in peak strain rate, total displacement rate, active displacement rate and passive displacement rate.There was no significant difference in left atrial function between hemodialysis group (non-dialysis days)and peritoneal dialysis group . Conclusion: （1）compared with the control group, left atrial conduit function of dialysis patients was significantly reduced, but left atrial contraction function was enhanced. （2）There was no significant difference between hemodialysis patients with peritoneal dialysis patients in left atrial function parameters. （3）Compared with the control group, the left atrial volume of patients receiving dialysis significantly increased, and left atrial enlargement was more obvious in hemodialysis patients. (4) compared with the conventional left atrial volume parameter LAVI, speckle tracking can obtain more comprehensive, detailed and more left atrial volume parameters.