Objective to evaluate the therapeutic effect of IFN-γ on experimental rabbit liver fibrosis by real-time shear wave elastography of application value. Methods Rabbits were randomly divided into liver fibrosis model group and normal control group, and CCl4 olive oil solution、normal saline was used respectively for modeling. IFN-γ was applied to the experimental group for intervention treatment from week 8. At the end of the 12th week, real-time shear wave elastography, serological indexes and pathological examination were performed on the liver of the experimental group and the normal control group. The correlation between Emean value and serological indexes and pathological staging of liver fibrosis after IFN-γ intervention was analyzed, as well as the diagnostic efficacy of the two for liver fibrosis staging. Results Normal liver appearance 、liver fibrosis stage of rabbits and the concentration of alpha-sma per unit area in the normal control group, IFN-γ intervention group and liver fibrosis model group, there were significant differences, and the differences were statistically significant. The Emean values of three different doses of IFN-γ intervention groups were significantly lower than those of the liver fibrosis model group (P < 0.05).The correlation between liver Emean value and liver fibrosis degree after IFN-γ intervention was higher than serological indexes, showing a high linear correlation.Correlation coefficient for (r = 0.935, P = 0.000), and in the evaluation of liver fibrosis stage or S1, S2, S3 or higher, or = S4 area under the ROC curve respectively were greater than HA, CIV, P Ⅲ NP and LN, sensitivity, accuracy and specificity were all > 88.8%. Conclusions Real-time shear wave elastography can be used for quantitative evaluation of liver fibrosis staging after gamma interferon intervention, which can be objective and sensitive effect of IFN-γ in response.