About 20 percent of the world’s population experiences “chronic”pain.Pain not only affects the patient''s quality of life,but even threatens life.A large number of studies have shown that the occurrence of pain is closely related to the opening and closing of ion channels (such as sodium,potassium and calcium channels)in different parts of the body.Ultrasonic wave can not only act on the ion channel of the cell alone in vitro,but also can act on the ion channel of local tissue in vivo,make its open or close.Based on the increasing researches on nerve regulation of ultrasound,the future direction of non-invasive and precise ultrasonic treatment of pain is promising. Therefore, this paper summarizes the mechanism and research status of potassium ion channel as the ultrasonic target for the treatment of neuropathic pain.