| 摘要: |
| 目的 分析儿童主动脉瓣二叶畸形（BAV）的超声心动图特征。方法 回顾性分析我院143例BAV患儿的临床及超声心动图资料，按照Sievers等提出的BAV分类方法对儿童BAV进行分型，总结儿童BAV的超声心动图特征、并发症等。结果 143例BAV患儿以Type1，R-L型最多见（74例），其次为Type0，lat型（32例）。BAV合并其他先天性心血管畸形64例，以主动脉弓部异常及其复合畸形最多见（21例）；单纯BAV 79例，其中50例出现并发症（40例为Type1型），包括瓣膜损害38例（主动脉瓣狭窄18例），主要表现为轻度狭窄，主动脉脉受累12例。单纯BAV患儿中，有并发症者与无有并发症者的左室射血分数比较差异无统计学意义，但是前者左室心肌质量指数增加（58.6±15.4 vs. 51.3±13.0），二者比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 儿童BAV最常见的分型为Type1，R-L型，常合并其他先天性心血管畸形，以主动脉弓部异常及其复合畸形最为常见。单纯BAV在儿童期就可以出现瓣膜功能损害及主动脉扩张等并发症，导致其左室心肌已经发生重构。 |
| 关键词: 儿童 主动脉瓣二叶畸形 超声心动图描记术 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2021-01-07修订日期：2021-12-13 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Echocardiography evaluation of pediatric patients with bicuspid aortic valve: Experience of 143 cases from a single center |
| YANG Jiao,SUN Yan,ZHANG Hongju,LI Jingya,LIU Guowen,MA Ning |
| (Department of Echocardiography,Beijing Children’s Hospital,Capital Medical University,National Center for Children’s Health) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To explore the echocardiographic features of bicuspid aortic valve（BAV） in children.Methods The data of ulrasonic diagnosis and clinical date of 143 children with bicuspid aortic valve were retrospectively analyzed.According to the BAV classification method proposed by Sievers et al.to classify children's BAV and summarize the echocardiographic characteristics and complication of children's BAV.Results The most common type of BAV was Type1，R- L type （74，51.7%），followed by Type0，lat type （32，22.4%）.A total of 64 cases （44.8%） of BAV were diagnosed with other congenital cardiovascular malformations，the most common of which were aortic arch abnormalities and the aortic coarctation complex （21/64，33.0%）.There were 79 cases of simple BAV （79/143，55.2%），of which 50 cases （50/79，63.3%） had complications，most of them were type1 BAV（40/50，80%）.Among the complications，valvular damage （38/50，76%） was common，and aortic valve stenosis （18/38，44.4%） was the most common，mainly mild stenosis.Aortic dilation is not common （12/50，24%）.Although there was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction （68.4%±3.7% vs 68.9%±5.4%，p>0.05），the left ventricular myocardial mass index of the former increased （58.6±15.4 vs 51.3±13.0，p<0.05）.Conclusion The most common classification of children with BAV is Type1，R- L type.Pediatric patients with bicuspid aortic valve are more often complicated with other congenital heart disease and the abnormalities of aortic arch and their compound malformations are the most common.Valve dysfunction and aortic dilatation can occur in children with simple bicuspid aortic valve.And the left ventricular myocardial remodeling has occurred in children with simple BAV.Although the complications are mild，but left ventricular myocardial remodeling has been seen in children with simple BAV with complications. |
| Key words: Pediatric Bicuspid aortic valve Echocardiography |
