| 摘要: |
| 本文概述了人工智能技术在甲状腺结节超声诊断中研究进展。近年来，甲状腺癌发病率呈上升趋势，甲状腺筛查纳入常规体检，增大了临床工作量。诊断疏漏，过度诊断之声萦绕。病理诊断虽作为金标准，但并非所有病灶都需一刀切除，利用FNA可有效提高诊断的准确率，制定个体化诊疗，避免过度诊断。超声作为甲状腺病变诊断的首选检查，可有效发现病灶，同时对病灶的生物学行为进行初步判断，便捷、有效，具有独特的诊断优势，但其存在一定的操作者依赖性。人工智能的发展，为临床工作提供了“第二意见”，成为医生的“第三只眼”，辅助医师发现病灶，提高诊断的准确性，减少人为因素所致诊断偏移。基于DL所构建的CAD系统，虽诊断能力在一定程度上可与有经验的医师相媲美，但缺乏透明化与可解释性，在信息安全保障等问题上仍有很长的路要走。 |
| 关键词: 人工智能，计算机辅助诊断，甲状腺癌，超声 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2022-01-25修订日期：2022-03-11 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Application progress of artificial intelligence in ultrasonic diagnosis of thyroid nodule |
| LIUXV,Chen Qin,Zhou Qing |
| () |
| Abstract: |
| This paper summarizes the research progress of artificial intelligence technology in ultrasonic diagnosis of thyroid nodule. In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer is on the rise, and thyroid screening is included in routine physical examination, which increases the clinical workload. Oversensitive and oversensitive. Although pathological diagnosis is the gold standard, not all lesions need to be removed at the same time. FNA can effectively improve the accuracy of diagnosis, develop individual diagnosis and treatment, and avoid over-diagnosis. Ultrasound, as the first choice in the diagnosis of thyroid lesions, can effectively find the lesions and preliminarily judge the biological behavior of the lesions. It is convenient and effective, and has unique diagnostic advantages, but it has a certain operator dependence. The development of artificial intelligence provides a "second opinion" for clinical work and becomes a "third eye" for doctors, assisting doctors to find lesions, improving the accuracy of diagnosis and reducing the diagnosis deviation caused by human factors. Although the diagnostic ability of CAD system based on DL is comparable to that of experienced physicians to a certain extent, it lacks transparency and interpretability, and still has a long way to go in information security. |
| Key words: Artificial Intelligence, Computer Aided Diagnosis, Thyroid nodule, Ultrasound |
