| 摘要: |
| 目的 探讨高频超声在诊断周围神经内、外囊肿导致神经卡压综合征中的临床价值。方法 周围神经囊肿患者27例，使用高频超声扫查病变神经，观察神经内、外囊肿致周围神经损伤声像图表现。并与肌电图、MRI进行比较，以手术术中探查为标准。结果 27例患者超声诊断神经内囊肿12例，主要超声表现神经内条带状囊性结节，上下累及神经范围较长，正常神经束膜受压移位；神经外囊肿15例，主要超声表现为神经卡压变形，近心端及远心端内径明显增粗，束状结构或筛网状结构不清或消失，囊肿与神经分界清晰。与手术术中所见符合的为24例。肌电图结果显示23例为阳性表现，主要为神经传导速度及波幅明显减低。3例患者行MRI检查，检查结果显示神经走行区域囊状信号影，病变与神经分界不清。结论 高频超声可对神经囊肿提供形态学依据，可与肌电图的电生理特点结合，为临床提供更多的影像学支持。 |
| 关键词: 高频超声 周围神经内、外囊肿 神经损伤 临床价值 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-02修订日期：2023-04-26 |
| 基金项目: |
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| The clinical value of high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of nerve injury caused by internal and external cysts of peripheral nerve |
| Changzhe,Chendingzhang,Zhengminjuan,wu linjuan,he qiuyan,Wangjing |
| () |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To explore the clinical value of high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of nerve entrapment syndrome caused by internal and external cysts of peripheral nerves.Methods 27 patients with peripheral nerve cysts were examined with high-frequency ultrasound to observe the ultrasonographic features of peripheral nerve injury caused by internal and external nerve cysts. Compared with EMG and MRI, intraoperative exploration was taken as the standard.Results Ultrasound diagnosis of intraneural cysts was performed in 12 of 27 patients. The main ultrasonographic findings were banded cystic nodules in the nerves, with a longer range of upper and lower nerve involvement, and normal nerve fascicles compressed and displaced; In 15 cases of extraneural cysts, the main ultrasound findings were compression and deformation of the nerves, marked thickening of the proximal and distal inner diameters, unclear or disappearance of fascicular or sieve like structures, and clear demarcation between the cysts and nerves. 24 cases were consistent with intraoperative findings. The electromyography results showed that 23 cases were positive, mainly due to a significant decrease in nerve conduction velocity and amplitude. MRI examination was performed in 3 patients, and the results showed a cystic signal shadow in the nerve routing area, with unclear demarcation between the lesion and the nerve.Conclusion High frequency ultrasound can provide morphological evidence for nerve cysts and can be combined with the electrophysiological characteristics of electromyography to provide more imaging support for clinical use. |
| Key words: The clinical value of high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of nerve injury caused by internal and external cysts of peripheral nerve |
