Autoantibody-associated congenital heart block is associated with maternal positivity for anti-SSA and anti-SSB antibodies. The disease progresses rapidly，and the mortality rate for severe atrioventricular block is high. Most affected infants require permanent pacemaker implantation，and early diagnosis is of great importance for improving fetal prognosis. This review aims to explore the effects of autoantibodies on the heart and conduction system，as well as the research progress on prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of congenital heart block related to autoantibodies.