Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on interscapular myofascial pain syndrome by ultrasonic shear wave elastography （SWE）and analysis of the pain mechanism Abtract objective To explore the evaluation value of SWE in the treatment of interscapular myofascial pain syndrome. Methods 48 patients with interscapular myofascial pain syndrome admitted to our hospital from 2021 to 2022 were prospectively collected. There were 9 cases in the blank control group , 15 cases were randomly included in the local symptomatic treatment group, 24 cases in the dorsal scapular nerve treatment group, and no treatment was given in the blank control group. The two treatment groups were treated with acupuncture and moxibustion at the interscapular pain area on the affected side and the dorsal scapular nerve running area on the neck, three times a week, for two consecutive weeks. Analyze VAS score and pain relief rate, measure the elastic parameters (Emean and Vmean ) of the fascia of the rhomboid muscle using shear wave SWE technology and compare the differences in elastic parameters between the groups before and after treatment.Result After treatment, the VAS scores of the local symptomatic treatment group and the cervical dorsal scapular nerve treatment group decreased significantly compared to before treatment. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 92.3% (36/39), of which 8 cases were cured, 22 cases were significantly improved, 6 cases were effective, and 3 cases were ineffective. The effective rate of the local symptomatic treatment group was 80% (12/15), and the effective rate of the dorsal scapular nerve treatment group was 100%, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). During the observation process,the level of elastic parameters in the blank control group showed an increasing trend, with the Emean of the medial fascia increasing from 19.17（15.54，24.14）KPa to 21.28（18.62，24.46）KPa，and the lateral fascia increasing from 19.90（15.86，23.67）KPa to 24.40（16.78，30.32）KPa. The local symptomatic treatment group and the neck dorsal scapular nerve compression treatment group showed a downward trend in the elastic parameters of the inner and outer fascia of the rhombic muscle, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound shear wave elastic imaging technology can quantitatively evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of interscapular myofascial pain syndrome, and provide a theoretical basis for the etiology analysis of interscapular myofascial pain syndrome.