Objective To investigate the characteristics of ultrasound images and ultrastructural changes in neurogenic bladder (NB) model rats after spinal cord transection injury (SCI). Methods Twenty-seven SPF-grade SD rats were divided into blank group (8 rats) and experimental group (19 rats) according to random number table, and the experimental group was divided into sham-operated group (8 rats) and model group. The neurogenic bladder model after spinal cord transection injury was prepared in the model group, and the 3 rats that failed to prepare the model were excluded, leaving 8 rats in the model group. The bladder diameter and bladder wall thickness were observed by ultrasound under postoperative anesthesia and awake state on the 28th day after surgery; the urodynamic changes were detected in the fourth week after surgery; the bladder forceps muscle tissues were removed for staining on the fourth week after surgery. Results ① Compared with the blank group, the urine volume increased and the BBB score of the lower limbs decreased in the model group, and there was no significant difference between the sham-operated group and the blank group; ② HE staining showed that the bladder tissue was basically normal in the blank group, and the bladder pathological changes were obvious in the model group, and there was no significant difference between the sham-operated group and the blank group; ③ Ultrasonic diagnostics indicated that the bladder filling increased and the bladder wall thickness increased in the model group compared with the blank group, and there was no significant difference between the sham-operated group and the blank There was no significant difference between the groups; ④Urodynamic results indicated that there was no significant difference between the sham-operated and blank groups, and compared with the blank group, the leakage point pressure, perfusion time, maximum bladder volume, and maximum bladder pressure were significantly higher in the model group rats (P < 0.0001); Conclusion In this study, we initially observed that the changes in bladder tissue in the NB model rats after SCI in terms of function, ultrasound imaging findings, and histomorphology There is consistency, and it can be tentatively concluded that the ultrasound impact science data can be used as one of the visualization data to determine the changes of bladder tissue in the NB model rats.