Atrial Fibrillation（AF） is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia,which not only affects atrial function，but also leads to abnormal ventricular structure and function.Therefore，early and accurate evaluation of ventricular structure and function changes in patients with AF has important clinical significance for treatment planning and prognosis.This article reviews the research progress of transesophageal echocardiography, real-time three-dimensional echocardiography, speckle tracking echocardiography and ultrasonic myocardial work in the evaluation of ventricular structure and function in patients with atrial fibrillation.